Science & Data · 2026

 
Reference Library · v1.6 · April 2026

The papers behind every claim we make.

Sixteen deep-read peer-reviewed papers organized in three tracks, plus seven further citations referenced across them. The clinical track establishes why hydration matters — prevalence, cognition, mortality, aging, and thirst-system dysfunction. The measurement-science track establishes that machine learning on PPG waveforms is a defensible way to infer volume status. Together they frame the category we're building.

Deep-read — full methods, results, and COI vetted
Industry-funded — use with disclosure

Clinical — Why Hydration Matters

Eight peer-reviewed papers establishing the prevalence and consequences of dehydration — cognitive decline, mortality risk, kidney stress, and outcomes in older adults. All deep-read with full methods and COI vetted.

Clinical — Supplementary

Six supporting papers: pediatric prevalence in obese children, nationally representative US pediatric hydration (Harvard, 54.5% dehydrated), age-related thirst reflex breakdown, the mood-at-1.4% threshold, foundational hydration physiology, and broad disease association (two Armstrong papers with industry-funding disclosures).

Measurement Science — How We Measure

Two peer-reviewed papers establishing that machine learning on PPG waveforms is a defensible way to infer volume status — the scientific foundation of Aqoir's approach.

Further Citations

Works cited repeatedly across our deep-read papers. These form the broader evidence base the core literature rests on, and include the specific primary studies that our deep-read papers use to support their strongest claims (e.g., the Curhan and Borghi series for kidney stones, the Kenney pediatric work, and the Warren hospital-burden data).

Curhan GC et al. (1993, 1998, 2004)
Dietary factors and risk of kidney stones — Nurses' Health Study cohort (foundational series)
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Borghi L et al. (1996)
Urinary volume, water and recurrences in idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis — 5-year RCT
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Siervo M et al. (2014)
Accuracy of prediction equations for serum osmolarity in frail older people
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Cheuvront SN et al. (2010)
Biological variation and diagnostic accuracy of dehydration assessment markers
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Kenney WL, Chiu P (2001)
Influence of age on thirst and fluid intake — classic mechanistic review
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Stookey JD (2005)
High prevalence of plasma hypertonicity among community-dwelling older adults (NHANES III)
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Warren JL et al. (1994)
Burden and outcomes of dehydration among US elderly — $446M total reimbursement
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